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Increased ICP can occur in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or nontraumatic presentations, such as patients with idiopathic elevated ICP.
A study in 2008 compared the aforementioned adult thresholds with the gold standard of ICP monitoring over 20 cm H2O, noting a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 93% in patients with TBI [17].
In 2011, a meta-analysis of 231 patients with TBI and six studies with ONSD thresholds ranging from
FOVEA: ocular ultrasound protocol Front of the eye Foreign bodies, lens dislocations or subluxations, afferent pupillary defects, anterior chamber size changes Optic nerve Increased intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury and idiopathic intracranial hypertension Vitreous Retinal hemorrhage, retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, vitreous detachment, lens dislocation, endophthalmitis Extraocular Retrobulbar hemorrhage, globe disruption, foreign bodies Arteryvascular Central retinal artery occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion
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